View N80C186XL-12_2541315.PDF datasheet online --- IC-ON-LINE

Datasheet File OCR Text:

* other brands and names are the property of their respective owners. information in this document is provided in connection with intel products. intel assumes no liability whatsoever, including infringement of any patent or copyright, for sale and use of intel products except as provided in intel's terms and conditions of sale for such products. intel retains the right to make changes to these specifications at any time, without notice. microcomputer products may have minor variations to this specification known as errata. june, 2002 copyright ? inte l corporation , 2002 orde r number : 272431-005 80c186xl/80c188xl 16-bit high-integration embedded processors y low power, fully static versions of 80c186/80c188 y operation modes: e enhanced mode e dram refresh control unit e power-save mode e direct interface to 80c187 (80c186xl only) e compatible mode e nmos 80186/80188 pin-for-pin replacement for non-numerics applications y integrated feature set e static, modular cpu e clock generator e 2 independent dma channels e programmable interrupt controller e 3 programmable 16-bit timers e dynamic ram refresh control unit e programmable memory and peripheral chip select logic e programmable wait state generator e local bus controller e power-save mode e system-level testing support (high impedance test mode) y completely object code compatible with existing 8086/8088 software and has 10 additional instructions over 8086/8088 y speed versions available e 25 mhz (80c186xl25/80c188xl25) e 20 mhz (80c186xl20/80c188xl20) e 12 mhz (80c186xl12/80c188xl12) y direct addressing capability to 1 mbyte memory and 64 kbyte i/o y available in 68-pin: e plastic leaded chip carrier (plcc) e ceramic pin grid array (pga) e ceramic leadless chip carrier (jedec a package) y available in 80-pin: e quad flat pack (eiaj) e shrink quad flat pack (sgfp) y available in extended temperature range ( b 40 cto a 85 c) the intel 80c186xl is a modular core re-implementation of the 80c186 microprocessor. it offers higher speed and lower power consumption than the standard 80c186 but maintains 100% clock-for-clock functional com- patibility. packaging and pinout are also identical. 272431-1
80c186xl/80c188xl 16-bit high-integration embedded processors contents page introduction 4 80c186xl core architecture 4 80c186xl clock generator 4 bus interface unit 5 80c186xl peripheral architecture 5 chip-select/ready generation logic 5 dma unit 6 timer/counter unit 6 interrupt control unit 6 enhanced mode operation 6 queue-status mode 6 dram refresh control unit 7 power-save control 7 interface for 80c187 math coprocessor (80c186xl only) 7 once test mode 7 package information 8 pin descriptions 8 80c186xl/80c188xl pinout diagrams 16 electrical specifications 22 absolute maximum ratings 22 dc specifications 22 power supply current 23 contents page ac specifications 24 major cycle timings (read cycle) 24 major cycle timings (write cycle) 26 major cycle timings (interrupt acknowledge cycle) 27 software halt cycle timings 28 clock timings 29 ready, peripheral and queue status timings 30 reset and hold/hlda timings 31 ac timing waveforms 36 ac characteristics 37 explanation of the ac symbols 39 derating curves 40 80c186xl/80c188xl express 41 80c186xl/80c188xl execution timings 41 instruction set summary 42 revision history 48 errata 48 product identification 48 2
80c186xl/80c188xl note: pin names in parentheses applies to 80c188xl. figure 1. 80c186xl/80c188xl block diagram 272431 2 3
80c186xl/80c188xl (2a) 272431 3 272431 4 (2b) note 1: xtal frequency l1 value 20 mhz 12.0 m h g 20% 25 mhz 8.2 m h g 20% 32 mhz 4.7 m h g 20% 40 mhz 3.0 m h g 20% lc network is only required when using a third overtone crystal. figure 2. oscillator configurations (see text) introduction unless specifically noted, all references to the 80c186xl apply to the 80c188xl. references to pins that differ between the 80c186xl and the 80c188xl are given in parentheses. the following functional description describes the base architecture of the 80c186xl. the 80c186xl is a very high integration 16-bit microprocessor. it combines 15 20 of the most common microproces- sor system components onto one chip. the 80c186xl is object code compatible with the 8086/8088 microprocessors and adds 10 new in- struction types to the 8086/8088 instruction set. the 80c186xl has two major modes of operation, compatible and enhanced. in compatible mode the 80c186xl is completely compatible with nmos 80186, with the exception of 8087 support. the en- hanced mode adds three new features to the system design. these are power-save control, dynamic ram refresh, and an asynchronous numerics co- processor interface (80c186xl only). 80c186xl core architecture 80c186xl clock generator the 80c186xl provides an on-chip clock generator for both internal and external clock generation. the clock generator features a crystal oscillator, a divide- by-two counter, synchronous and asynchronous ready inputs, and reset circuitry. the 80c186xl oscillator circuit is designed to be used either with a parallel resonant fundamental or third-overtone mode crystal, depending upon the frequency range of the application. this is used as the time base for the 80c186xl. the output of the oscillator is not directly available outside the 80c186xl. the recommended crystal configuration is shown in figure 2b. when used in third-overtone mode, the tank circuit is recommend- ed for stable operation. alternately, the oscillator may be driven from an external source as shown in figure 2a. the crystal or clock frequency chosen must be twice the required processor operating frequency due to the internal divide by two counter. this counter is used to drive all internal phase clocks and the exter- nal clkout signal. clkout is a 50% duty cycle processor clock and can be used to drive other sys- tem components. all ac timings are referenced to clkout. intel recommends the following values for crystal se- lection parameters. temperature range: application specific esr (equivalent series resistance): 60 x max c 0 (shunt capacitance of crystal): 7.0 pf max c 1 (load capacitance): 20 pf g 2pf drive level: 2 mw max 4
80c186xl/80c188xl bus interface unit the 80c186xl provides a local bus controller to generate the local bus control signals. in addition, it employs a hold/hlda protocol for relinquishing the local bus to other bus masters. it also provides outputs that can be used to enable external buffers and to direct the flow of data on and off the local bus. the bus controller is responsible for generating 20 bits of address, read and write strobes, bus cycle status information and data (for write operations) in- formation. it is also responsible for reading data from the local bus during a read operation. synchro- nous and asynchronous ready input pins are provid- ed to extend a bus cycle beyond the minimum four states (clocks). the 80c186xl bus controller also generates two control signals (den and dt/r ) when interfacing to external transceiver chips. this capability allows the addition of transceivers for simple buffering of the multiplexed address/data bus. during reset the local bus controller will perform the following action: # drive den ,rd and wr high for one clock cy- cle, then float them. # drive s0 s2 to the inactive state (all high) and then float. # drive lock high and then float. # float ad0 15 (ad0 8), a16 19 (a9 a19), bhe (rfsh ), dt/r . # drive ale low # drive hlda low. rd /qsmd , ucs , lcs , mcs0 /pereq, mcs1 / error and test /busy pins have internal pullup devices which are active while res is applied. ex- cessive loading or grounding certain of these pins causes the 80c186xl to enter an alternative mode of operation: # rd /qsmd low results in queue status mode. # ucs and lcs low results in once mode. # test /busy low (and high later) results in en- hanced mode. 80c186xl peripheral architecture all the 80c186xl integrated peripherals are con- trolled by 16-bit registers contained within an inter- nal 256-byte control block. the control block may be mapped into either memory or i/o space. internal logic will recognize control block addresses and re- spond to bus cycles. an offset map of the 256-byte control register block is shown in figure 3. chip-select/ready generation logic the 80c186xl contains logic which provides programmable chip-select generation for both mem- ories and peripherals. in addition, it can be programmed to provide ready (or wait state) gen- eration. it can also provide latched address bits a1 and a2. the chip-select lines are active for all mem- ory and i/o cycles in their programmed areas, whether they be generated by the cpu or by the integrated dma unit. the 80c186xl provides 6 memory chip select out- puts for 3 address areas; upper memory, lower memory, and midrange memory. one each is provid- ed for upper memory and lower memory, while four are provided for midrange memory. offset relocation register feh dma descriptors channel 1 dah d0h dma descriptors channel 0 cah c0h chip-select control registers a8h a0h time 2 control registers 66h 60h time 1 control registers 5eh 58h time 0 control registers 56h 50h interrupt controller registers 3eh 20h figure 3. internal register map the 80c186xl provides a chip select, called ucs , for the top of memory. the top of memory is usually used as the system memory because after reset the 80c186xl begins executing at memory location ffff0h. 5
80c186xl/80c188xl the 80c186xl provides a chip select for low memo- ry called lcs . the bottom of memory contains the interrupt vector table, starting at location 00000h. the 80c186xl provides four mcs lines which are active within a user-locatable memory block. this block can be located within the 80c186xl 1 mbyte memory address space exclusive of the areas de- fined by ucs and lcs . both the base address and size of this memory block are programmable. the 80c186xl can generate chip selects for up to seven peripheral devices. these chip selects are ac- tive for seven contiguous blocks of 128 bytes above a programmable base address. the base address may be located in either memory or i/o space. the 80c186xl can generate a ready signal inter- nally for each of the memory or peripheral cs lines. the number of wait states to be inserted for each peripheral or memory is programmable to provide 0 3 wait states for all accesses to the area for which the chip select is active. in addition, the 80c186xl may be programmed to either ignore ex- ternal ready for each chip-select range individually or to factor external ready with the integrated ready generator. upon reset, the chip-select/ready logic will per- form the following actions: # all chip-select outputs will be driven high. # upon leaving reset, the ucs line will be pro- grammed to provide chip selects to a 1k block with the accompanying ready control bits set at 011 to insert 3 wait states in conjunction with ex- ternal ready (i.e., umcs resets to fffbh). # no other chip select or ready control registers have any predefined values after reset. they will not become active until the cpu accesses their control registers. dma unit the 80c186xl dma controller provides two inde- pendent high-speed dma channels. data transfers can occur between memory and i/o spaces (e.g., memory to i/o) or within the same space (e.g., memory to memory or i/o to i/o). data can be transferred either in bytes (8 bits) or in words (16 bits) to or from even or odd addresses. note: only byte transfers are possible on the 80c188xl. each dma channel maintains both a 20-bit source and destination pointer which can be optionally in- cremented or decremented after each data transfer (by one or two depending on byte or word transfers). each data transfer consumes 2 bus cycles (a mini- mum of 8 clocks), one cycle to fetch data and the other to store data. timer/counter unit the 80c186xl provides three internal 16-bit pro- grammable timers. two of these are highly flexible and are connected to four external pins (2 per timer). they can be used to count external events, time ex- ternal events, generate nonrepetitive waveforms, etc. the third timer is not connected to any external pins, and is useful for real-time coding and time de- lay applications. in addition, the third timer can be used as a prescaler to the other two, or as a dma request source. interrupt control unit the 80c186xl can receive interrupts from a number of sources, both internal and external. the 80c186xl has 5 external and 2 internal interrupt sources (timer/couners and dma). the internal in- terrupt controller serves to merge these requests on a priority basis, for individual service by the cpu. enhanced mode operation in compatible mode the 80c186xl operates with all the features of the nmos 80186, with the exception of 8087 support (i.e. no math coprocessing is possi- ble in compatible mode). queue-status information is still available for design purposes other than 8087 support. all the enhanced mode features are completely masked when in compatible mode. a write to any of the enhanced mode registers will have no effect, while a read will not return any valid data. in enhanced mode, the 80c186xl will operate with power-save, dram refresh, and numerics coproc- essor support (80c186xl only) in addition to all the compatible mode features. if connected to a math coprocessor (80c186xl only), this mode will be invoked automatically. with- out an npx, this mode can be entered by tying the reset output signal from the 80c186xl to the test /busy input. queue-status mode the queue-status mode is entered by strapping the rd pin low. rd is sampled at reset and if low, the 80c186xl will reconfigure the ale and wr pins to be qs0 and qs1 respectively. this mode is avail- able on the 80c186xl in both compatible and en- hanced modes. 6
80c186xl/80c188xl dram refresh control unit the refresh control unit (rcu) automatically gen- erates dram refresh bus cycles. the rcu operates only in enhanced mode. after a programmable peri- od of time, the rcu generates a memory read re- quest to the biu. if the address generated during a refresh bus cycle is within the range of a properly programmed chip select, that chip select will be acti- vated when the biu executes the refresh bus cycle. power-save control the 80c186xl, when in enhanced mode, can enter a power saving state by internally dividing the proc- essor clock frequency by a programmable factor. this divided frequency is also available at the clkout pin. all internal logic, including the refresh control unit and the timers, have their clocks slowed down by the division factor. to maintain a real time count or a fixed dram refresh rate, these peripherals must be re-programmed when entering and leaving the pow- er-save mode. interface for 80c187 math coprocessor (80c186xl only) in enhanced mode, three of the mid-range memory chip selects are redefined according to table 1 for use with the 80c187. the fourth chip select, mcs2 functions as in compatible mode, and may be pro- grammed for activity with ready logic and wait states accordingly. as in compatible mode, mcs2 will func- tion for one-fourth a programmed block size. table 1. mcs assignments compatible enhanced mode mode mcs0 pereq processor extension request mcs1 error npx error mcs2 mcs2 mid-range chip select mcs3 nps numeric processor select once test mode to facilitate testing and inspection of devices when fixed into a target system, the 80c186xl has a test mode available which allows all pins to be placed in a high-impedance state. once stands for ``on cir- cuit emulation''. when placed in this mode, the 80c186xl will put all pins in the high-impedance state until reset. the once mode is selected by tying the ucs and the lcs low during reset. these pins are sam- pled on the low-to-high transition of the res pin. the ucs and the lcs pins have weak internal pull- up resistors similar to the rd and test /busy pins to guarantee once mode is not entered inadver- tently during normal operation. lcs and ucs must be held low at least one clock after res goes high to guarantee entrance into once mode. 7
80c186xl/80c188xl package information this section describes the pin functions, pinout and thermal characteristics for the 80c186xl in the quad flat pack (qfp), plastic leaded chip carrier (plcc), leadless chip carrier (lcc) and the shrink quad flat pack (sqfp). for complete package specifications and information, see the intel packag- ing outlines and dimensions guide (order number: 231369). pin descriptions each pin or logical set of pins is described in table 3. there are four columns for each entry in the pin description table. the following sections describe each column. column 1: pin name in this column is a mnemonic that de- scribes the pin function. negation of the signal name (i.e., resin ) implies that the signal is active low. column 2: pin type a pin may be either power (p), ground (g), input only (i), output only (o) or in- put/output (i/o). please note that some pins have more than one function. column 3: input type (for i and i/o types only) these are two different types of input pins on the 80c186xl: asynchronous and synchronous. asynchronous pins require that setup and hold times be met only to guarantee recognition. synchro- nous input pins require that the setup and hold times be met to guarantee proper operation. stated simply, missing a setup or hold on an asynchronous pin will result in something minor (i.e., a tim- er count will be missed) whereas miss- ing a setup or hold on a synchronous pin result in system failure (the system will ``lock up''). an input pin may also be edge or level sensitive. column 4: output states (for o and i/o types only) the state of an output or i/o pin is de- pendent on the operating mode of the device. there are four modes of opera- tion that are different from normal active mode: bus hold, reset, idle mode, pow- erdown mode. this column describes the output pin state in each of these modes. the legend for interpreting the information in the pin descriptions is shown in table 2. as an example, please refer to the table entry for ad7:0. the ``i/o'' signifies that the pins are bidirec- tional (i.e., have both an input and output function). the ``s'' indicates that, as an input the signal must be synchronized to clkout for proper operation. the ``h(z)'' indicates that these pins will float while the processor is in the hold acknowledge state. r(z) indicates that these pins will float while resin is low. all pins float while the processor is in the once mode (with the exception of x2). 8
80c186xl/80c188xl table 2. pin description nomenclature symbol description p power pin (apply a v cc voltage) g ground (connect to v ss ) i input only pin o output only pin i/o input/output pin s(e) synchronous, edge sensitive s(l) synchronous, level sensitive a(e) asynchronous, edge sensitive a(l) asynchronous, level sensitive h(1) output driven to v cc during bus hold h(0) output driven to v ss during bus hold h(z) output floats during bus hold h(q) output remains active during bus hold h(x) output retains current state during bus hold r(wh) output weakly held at v cc during reset r(1) output driven to v cc during reset r(0) output driven to v ss during reset r(z) output floats during reset r(q) output remains active during reset r(x) output retains current state during reset 9
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions pin pin input output pin description name type type states v cc p system power: a 5 volt power supply. v ss g system ground. reset o h(0) reset output indicates that the cpu is being reset, and can be used as a system reset. it is active high, synchronized r(1) with the processor clock, and lasts an integer number of clock periods corresponding to the length of the res signal. reset goes inactive 2 clockout periods after res goes inactive. when tied to the test /busy pin, reset forces the processor into enhanced mode. reset is not floated during bus hold. x1 i a(e) crystal inputs x1 and x2 provide external connections for a fundamental mode or third overtone parallel resonant crystal x2 o h(q) for the internal oscillator. x1 can connect to an external r(q) clock instead of a crystal. in this case, minimize the capacitance on x2. the input or oscillator frequency is internally divided by two to generate the clock signal (clkout). clkout o h(q) clock output provides the system with a 50% duty cycle waveform. all device pin timings are specified relative to r(q) clkout. clkout is active during reset and bus hold. res i a(l) an active res causes the processor to immediately terminate its present activity, clear the internal logic, and enter a dormant state. this signal may be asynchronous to the clock. the processor begins fetching instructions approximately 6 (/2 clock cycles after res is returned high. for proper initialization, v cc must be within specifications and the clock signal must be stable for more than 4 clocks with res held low. res is internally synchronized. this input is provided with a schmitt-trigger to facilitate power-on res generation via an rc network. test /busy i a(e) the test pin is sampled during and after reset to determine whether the processor is to enter compatible or enhanced (test ) mode. enhanced mode requires test to be high on the rising edge of res and low four clkout cycles later. any other combination will place the processor in compatible mode. during power-up, active res is required to configure test /busy as an input. a weak internal pullup ensures a high state when the input is not externally driven. test ein compatible mode this pin is configured to operate as test . this pin is examined by the wait instruction. if the test input is high when wait execution begins, instruction execution will suspend. test will be resampled every five clocks until it goes low, at which time execution will resume. if interrupts are enabled while the processor is waiting for test , interrupts will be serviced. busy (80c186xl only)ein enhanced mode, this pin is configured to operate as busy. the busy input is used to notify the 80c186xl of math coprocessor activity. floating point instructions executing in the 80c186xl sample the busy pin to determine when the math coprocessor is ready to accept a new command. busy is active high. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 10
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions (continued) pin pin input output pin description name type type states tmr in 0 i a(l) timer inputs are used either as clock or control signals, depending upon the programmed timer mode. these tmr in 1 a(e) inputs are active high (or low-to-high transitions are counted) and internally synchronized. timer inputs must be tied high when not being used as clock or retrigger inputs. tmr out 0 o h(q) timer outputs are used to provide single pulse or continuous waveform generation, depending upon the tmr out 1 r(1) timer mode selected. these outputs are not floated during a bus hold. drq0 i a(l) dma request is asserted high by an external device when it is ready for dma channel 0 or 1 to perform a drq1 transfer. these signals are level-triggered and internally synchronized. nmi i a(e) the non-maskable interrupt input causes a type 2 interrupt. an nmi transition from low to high is latched and synchronized internally, and initiates the interrupt at the next instruction boundary. nmi must be asserted for at least one clkout period. the non- maskable interrupt cannot be avoided by programming. int0 i a(e) maskable interrupt requests can be requested by activating one of these pins. when configured as inputs, int1/select a(l) these pins are active high. interrupt requests are int2/inta0 i/o a(e) h(1) synchronized internally. int2 and int3 may be int3/inta1 /irq a(l) r(z) configured to provide active-low interrupt- acknowledge output signals. all interrupt inputs may be configured to be either edge- or level-triggered. to ensure recognition, all interrupt requests must remain active until the interrupt is acknowledged. when slave mode is selected, the function of these pins changes (see interrupt controller section of this data sheet). a19/s6 o h(z) address bus outputs and bus cycle status (3 6) indicate the four most significant address bits during t 1 . a18/s5 r(z) these signals are active high. a17/s4 a16/s3 during t 2 ,t 3 ,t w and t 4 , the s6 pin is low to indicate a cpu-initiated bus cycle or high to indicate a dma- (a8 a15) initiated or refresh bus cycle. during the same t-states, s3, s4 and s5 are always low. on the 80c188xl, a15 a8 provide valid address information for the entire bus cycle. ad0 ad15 i/o s(l) h(z) address/data bus signals constitute the time multiplexed memory or i/o address (t 1 ) and data (t 2 , (ad0 ad7) r(z) t 3 ,t w and t 4 ) bus. the bus is active high. for the 80c186xl, a 0 is analogous to bhe for the lower byte of the data bus, pins d 7 through d 0 . it is low during t 1 when a byte is to be transferred onto the lower portion of the bus in memory or i/o operations. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 11
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions (continued) pin pin input output pin description name type type states bhe o h(z) the bhe (bus high enable) signal is analogous to a0 in that it is used to enable data on to the most significant half of the data bus, (rfsh ) r(z) pins d15 d8. bhe will be low during t 1 when the upper byte is transferred and will remain low through t 3 and t w . bhe does not need to be latched. on the 80c188xl, rfsh is asserted low to indicate a refresh bus cycle. in enhanced mode, bhe (rfsh ) will also be used to signify dram refresh cycles. a refresh cycle is indicated by both bhe (rfsh ) and a0 being high. 80c186xl bhe and a0 encodings bhe a0 function value value 0 0 word transfer 0 1 byte transfer on upper half of data bus (d15 d8) 1 0 byte transfer on lower half of data bus (d 7 d 0 ) 1 1 refresh ale/qs0 o h(0) address latch enable/queue status 0 is provided by the processor to latch the address. ale is active high, with addresses guaranteed r(0) valid on the trailing edge. wr /qs1 o h(z) write strobe/queue status 1 indicates that the data on the bus is to be written into a memory or an i/o device. it is active low. when r(z) the processor is in queue status mode, the ale/qs0 and wr /qs1 pins provide information about processor/instruction queue interaction. qs1 qs0 queue operation 0 0 no queue operation 0 1 first opcode byte fetched from the queue 1 1 subsequent byte fetched from the queue 1 0 empty the queue rd /qsmd o h(z) read strobe is an active low signal which indicates that the processor is performing a memory or i/o read cycle. it is guaranteed r(1) not to go low before the a/d bus is floated. an internal pull-up ensures that rd /qsmd is high during reset. following reset the pin is sampled to determine whether the processor is to provide ale, rd , and wr , or queue status information. to enable queue status mode, rd must be connected to gnd. ardy i a(l) asynchronous ready informs the processor that the addressed memory space or i/o device will complete a data transfer. the s(l) ardy pin accepts a rising edge that is asynchronous to clkout and is active high. the falling edge of ardy must be synchronized to the processor clock. connecting ardy high will always assert the ready condition to the cpu. if this line is unused, it should be tied low to yield control to the srdy pin. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 12
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions (continued) pin pin input output pin description name type type states srdy i s(l) e synchronous ready informs the processor that the addressed memory space or i/o device will complete a data transfer. the srdy pin accepts an active-high input synchronized to clkout. the use of srdy allows a relaxed system timing over ardy. this is accomplished by elimination of the one-half clock cycle required to internally synchonize the ardy input signal. connecting srdy high will always assert the ready condition to the cpu. if this line is unused, it should be tied low to yield control to the ardy pin. lock o e h(z) lock output indicates that other system bus masters are not to gain control of the system bus. lock is active low. the lock r(z) signal is requested by the lock prefix instruction and is activated at the beginning of the first data cycle associated with the instruction immediately following the lock prefix. it remains active until the completion of that instruction. no instruction prefetching will occur while lock is asserted. s0 o e h(z) bus cycle status s0 s2 are encoded to provide bus-transaction information: s1 r(1) s2 bus cycle status information s2 s1 s0 bus cycle initiated 0 0 0 interrupt acknowledge 0 0 1 read i/o 0 1 0 write i/o 0 1 1 halt 1 0 0 instruction fetch 1 0 1 read data from memory 1 1 0 write data to memory 1 1 1 passive (no bus cycle) s2 may be used as a logical m/io indicator, and s1 as a dt/r indicator. hold i a(l) e hold indicates that another bus master is requesting the local bus. the hold input is active high. the processor generates hlda hlda o e h(1) (high) in response to a hold request. simultaneous with the r(0) issuance of hlda, the processor will float the local bus and control lines. after hold is detected as being low, the processor will lower hlda. when the processor needs to run another bus cycle, it will again drive the local bus and control lines. in enhanced mode, hlda will go low when a dram refresh cycle is pending in the processor and an external bus master has control of the bus. it will be up to the external master to relinquish the bus by lowering hold so that the processor may execute the refresh cycle. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 13
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions (continued) pin pin input output pin description name type type states ucs i/o a(l) h(1) upper memory chip select is an active low output whenever a memory reference is made to the defined r(wh) upper portion (1k 256k block) of memory. the address range activating ucs is software programmable. ucs and lcs are sampled upon the rising edge of res . if both pins are held low, the processor will enter once mode. in once mode all pins assume a high impedance state and remain so until a subsequent reset. ucs has a weak internal pullup that is active during reset to ensure that the processor does not enter once mode inadvertently. lcs i/o a(l) h(1) lower memory chip select is active low whenever a memory reference is made to the defined lower portion r(wh) (1k 256k) of memory. the address range activating lcs is software programmable. ucs and lcs are sampled upon the rising edge of res . if both pins are held low, the processor will enter once mode. in once mode all pins assume a high impedance state and remain so until a subsequent reset. lcs has a weak internal pullup that is active only during reset to ensure that the processor does not enter once mode inadvertently. mcs0 /pereq i/o a(l) h(1) mid-range memory chip select signals are active low when a memory reference is made to the defined mid- mcs1 /error r(wh) range portion of memory (8k 512k). the address mcs2 o h(1) ranges activating mcs0 3 are software programmable. mcs3 /nps r(1) on the 80c186xl, in enhanced mode, mcs0 becomes a pereq input (processor extension request). when connected to the math coprocessor, this input is used to signal the 80c186xl when to make numeric data transfers to and from the coprocessor. mcs3 becomes nps (numeric processor select) which may only be activated by communication to the 80c187. mcs1 becomes error in enhanced mode and is used to signal numerics coprocessor errors. pcs0 o h(1) peripheral chip select signals 0 4 are active low when a reference is made to the defined peripheral pcs1 r(1) area (64 kbyte i/o or 1 mbyte memory space). the pcs2 address ranges activating pcs0 4 are software pcs3 programmable. pcs4 pcs5 /a1 o h(1)/h(x) peripheral chip select 5 or latched a1 may be programmed to provide a sixth peripheral chip select, or r(1) to provide an internally latched a1 signal. the address range activating pcs5 is software-programmable. pcs5 /a1 does not float during bus hold. when programmed to provide latched a1, this pin will retain the previously latched value during hold. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 14
80c186xl/80c188xl table 3. pin descriptions (continued) pin pin input output pin description name type type states pcs6 /a2 o e h(1)/h(x) peripheral chip select 6 or latched a2 may be programmed to provide a seventh peripheral chip select, or to provide an r(1) internally latched a2 signal. the address range activating pcs6 is software-programmable. pcs6 /a2 does not float during bus hold. when programmed to provide latched a2, this pin will retain the previously latched value during hold. dt/r o e h(z) data transmit/receive controls the direction of data flow through an external data bus transceiver. when low, data is r(z) transferred to the procesor. when high the processor places write data on the data bus. den o e h(z) data enable is provided as a data bus transceiver output enable. den is active low during each memory and i/o r(1,z) access (including 80c187 access). den is high whenever dt/r changes state. during reset, den is driven high for one clock, then floated. n.c. e e e not connected. to maintain compatibility with future products, do not connect to these pins. note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 15
80c186xl/80c188xl ceramic leadless chip carrier (jedec type a) contacts facing up contacts facing down 272431 5 ceramic pin grid array pins facing up pins facing down 272431 6 note: xxxxxxxxc indicates the intel fpo number. figure 4. 80c186xl/80c188xl pinout diagrams 16
80c186xl/80c188xl shrink quad flat pack 272431 22 note: xxxxxxxxc indicates the intel fpo number. figure 4. 80c186xl/80c188xl pinout diagrams (continued) 17
80c186xl/80c188xl plastic leaded chip carrier contacts facing up contacts facing down 272431 7 80-pin quad flat pack (eiaj) contacts contacts facing up facing down 272431 8 note: xxxxxxxxa indicates the intel fpo number. figure 4. 80c186xl/80c288xl pinout diagrams (continued) 18
80c186xl/80c188xl table 4. lcc/plcc pin functions with location ad bus ad0 17 ad1 15 ad2 13 ad3 11 ad4 8 ad5 6 ad6 4 ad7 2 ad8 (a8) 16 ad9 (a9) 14 ad10 (a10) 12 ad11 (a11) 10 ad12 (a12) 7 ad13 (a13) 5 ad14 (a14) 3 ad15 (a15) 1 a16/s3 68 a17/s4 67 a18/s5 66 a19/s6 65 bus control ale/qs0 61 bhe (rfsh )64 s0 52 s1 53 s2 54 rd /qsmd 62 wr /qs1 63 ardy 55 srdy 49 den 39 dt/r 40 lock 48 hold 50 hlda 51 processor control res 24 reset 57 x1 59 x2 58 clkout 56 test /busy 47 nmi 46 int0 45 int1/select 44 int2/inta0 42 int3/inta1 41 power and ground v cc 9 v cc 43 v ss 26 v ss 60 i/o ucs 34 lcs 33 mcs0 /pereq 38 mcs1 /error 37 mcs2 36 mcs3 /nps 35 pcs0 25 pcs1 27 pcs2 28 pcs3 29 pcs4 30 pcs5 /a1 31 pcs6 /a2 32 tmr in 0 20 tmr in 1 21 tmr out 0 22 tmr out 1 23 drq0 18 drq1 19 note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. table 5. lcc/pga/plcc pin locations with pin names 1 ad15 (a15) 2 ad7 3 ad14 (a14) 4 ad6 5 ad13 (a13) 6 ad5 7 ad12 (a12) 8 ad4 9v cc 10 ad11 (a11) 11 ad3 12 ad10 (a10) 13 ad2 14 ad9 (a9) 15 ad1 16 ad8 (a8) 17 ad0 18 drq0 19 drq1 20 tmr in 0 21 tmr in 1 22 tmr out 0 23 tmr out 1 24 res 25 pcs0 26 v ss 27 pcs1 28 pcs2 29 pcs3 30 pcs4 31 pcs5 /a1 32 pcs6 /a2 33 lcs 34 ucs 35 mcs3 /nps 36 mcs2 37 mcs1 /error 38 mcs0 /pereq 39 den 40 dt/r 41 int3/inta1 42 int2/inta0 43 v cc 44 int1/select 45 int0 46 nmi 47 test /busy 48 lock 49 srdy 50 hold 51 hlda 52 s0 53 s1 54 s2 55 ardy 56 clkout 57 reset 58 x2 59 x1 60 v ss 61 ale/qs0 62 rd /qsmd 63 wr /qs1 64 bhe (rfsh ) 65 a19/s2 66 a18/s3 67 a17/s4 68 a16/s3 note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 19
80c186xl/80c188xl table 6. qfp pin functions with location ad bus ad0 64 ad1 66 ad2 68 ad3 70 ad4 74 ad5 76 ad6 78 ad7 80 ad8 (a8) 65 ad9 (a9) 67 ad10 (a10) 69 ad11 (a11) 71 ad12 (a12) 75 ad13 (a13) 77 ad14 (a14) 79 ad15 (a15) 1 a16/s3 3 a17/s4 4 a18/s5 5 a19/s6 6 bus control ale/qs0 10 bhe (rfsh )7 s0 23 s1 22 s2 21 rd /qsmd 9 wr /qs1 8 ardy 20 srdy 27 den 38 dt/r 37 lock 28 hold 26 hlda 25 no connection n.c. 2 n.c. 11 n.c. 14 n.c. 15 n.c. 24 n.c. 43 n.c. 44 n.c. 62 n.c. 63 processor control res 55 reset 18 x1 16 x2 17 clkout 19 test /busy 29 nmi 30 int0 31 int1/select 32 int2/inta0 35 int3/inta1 36 power and ground v cc 33 v cc 34 v cc 72 v cc 73 v ss 12 v ss 13 v ss 53 i/o ucs 45 lcs 46 mcs0 /pereq 39 mcs1 /error 40 mcs2 41 mcs3 /nps 42 pcs0 54 pcs1 52 pcs2 51 pcs3 50 pcs4 49 pcs5 /a1 48 pcs6 /a2 47 tmr in 0 59 tmr in 1 58 tmr out 0 57 tmr out 1 56 drq0 61 drq1 60 note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. table 7. qfp pin locations with pin names 1 ad15 (a15) 2 n.c. 3 a16/s3 4 a17/s4 5 a18/s5 6 a19/s6 7 bhe /(rfsh ) 8wr /qs1 9rd /qsmd 10 ale/qs0 11 n.c. 12 v ss 13 v ss 14 n.c. 15 n.c. 16 x1 17 x2 18 reset 19 clkout 20 ardy 21 s2 22 s1 23 s0 24 n.c. 25 hlda 26 hold 27 srdy 28 lock 29 test /busy 30 nmi 31 int0 32 int1/select 33 v cc 34 v cc 35 int2/inta0 36 int3/inta1 37 dt/r 38 den 39 mcs0 /pereq 40 mcs1 /error 41 mcs2 42 mcs3 /nps 43 n.c. 44 n.c. 45 ucs 46 lcs 47 pcs6 /a2 48 pcs5 /a1 49 pcs4 50 pcs3 51 pcs2 52 pcs1 53 v ss 54 pcs0 55 res 56 tmr out 1 57 tmr out 0 58 tmr in 1 59 tmr in 0 60 drq1 61 drq0 62 n.c. 63 n.c. 64 ad0 65 ad8 (a8) 66 ad1 67 ad9 (a9) 68 ad2 69 ad10 (a10) 70 ad3 71 ad11 (a11) 72 v cc 73 v cc 74 ad4 75 ad12 (a12) 76 ad5 77 ad13 (a13) 78 ad6 79 ad14 (a14) 80 ad7 note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 20
80c186xl/80c188xl table 8. sqfp pin functions with location ad bus ad0 1 ad1 3 ad2 6 ad3 8 ad4 12 ad5 14 ad6 16 ad7 18 ad8 (a8) 2 ad9 (a9) 5 ad10 (a10) 7 ad11 (a11) 9 ad12 (a12) 13 ad13 (a13) 15 ad14 (a14) 17 ad15 (a15) 19 a16/s3 21 a17/s4 22 a18/s5 23 a19/s6 24 bus control ale/qs0 29 bhe (rfsh )26 s0 40 s1 39 s2 38 rd /qsmd 28 wr /qs1 27 ardy 37 srdy 44 den 56 dt/r 54 lock 45 hold 43 hlda 42 no connection n.c. 4 n.c. 25 n.c. 35 n.c. 55 n.c. 72 processor control res 73 reset 34 x1 32 x2 33 clkout 36 test /busy 46 nmi 47 int0 48 int1/select 49 int2/inta0 52 int3/inta1 53 power and ground v cc 10 v cc 11 v cc 20 v cc 50 v cc 51 v cc 61 v ss 30 v ss 31 v ss 41 v ss 70 v ss 80 i/o ucs 62 lcs 63 mcs0 /pereq 57 mcs1 /error 58 mcs2 59 mcs3 /nps 60 pcs0 71 pcs1 69 pcs2 68 pcs3 67 pcs4 66 pcs5 /a1 65 pcs6 /a2 64 tmr in 0 77 tmr in 1 76 tmr out 0 75 tmr out 1 74 drq0 79 drq1 78 note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. table 9. sqfp pin locations with pin names 1 ad0 2 ad8 (a8) 3 ad1 4 n.c. 5 ad9 (a9) 6 ad2 7 ad10 (a10) 8 ad3 9 ad11 (a11) 10 v cc 11 v cc 12 ad4 13 ad12 (a12) 14 ad5 15 ad13 (a13) 16 ad6 17 ad14 (a14) 18 ad7 19 ad15 (a15) 20 v cc 21 a16/s3 22 a17/s4 23 a18/s5 24 a19/s6 25 n.c. 26 bhe (rfsh ) 27 wr /qs1 28 rd /qsmd 29 ale/qs0 30 v ss 31 v ss 32 x1 33 x2 34 reset 35 n.c. 36 clkout 37 ardy 38 s2 39 s1 40 s0 41 v ss 42 hlda 43 hold 44 srdy 45 lock 46 test /busy 47 nmi 48 int0 49 int1/select 50 v cc 51 v cc 52 int2/inta0 53 int3/inta1 54 dt/r 55 n.c. 56 den 57 mcs0 /pereq 58 mcs1 /error 59 mcs2 60 mcs3 /nps 61 v cc 62 ucs 63 lcs 64 pcs6 /a2 65 pcs5 /a1 66 pcs4 67 pcs3 68 pcs2 69 pcs1 70 v ss 71 pcs0 72 n.c. 73 res 74 tmr out 1 75 tmr out 0 76 tmr in 1 77 tmr in 0 78 drq1 79 drq0 80 v ss note: pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. 21
80c186xl/80c188xl electrical specifications absolute maximum ratings * ambient temperature under bias 0 cto a 70 c storage temperature b 65 cto a 150 c voltage on any pin with respect to ground b 1.0v to a 7.0v package power dissipation 1w not to exceed the maximum allowable die tempera- ture based on thermal resistance of the package. notice: this data sheet contains preliminary infor- mation on new products in production. the specifica- tions are subject to change without notice. verify with your local intel sales office that you have the latest data sheet before finalizing a design. * warning: stressing the device beyond the ``absolute maximum ratings'' may cause permanent damage. these are stress ratings only. operation beyond the ``operating conditions'' is not recommended and ex- tended exposure beyond the ``operating conditions'' may affect device reliability. notice: the specifications are subject to change without notice. dc specifications t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% symbol parameter min max units test conditions v il input low voltage b 0.5 0.2 v cc b 0.3 v (except x1) v il1 clock input low b 0.5 0.6 v voltage (x1) v ih input high voltage 0.2 v cc a 0.9 v cc a 0.5 v (all except x1 and res ) v ih1 input high voltage (res ) 3.0 v cc a 0.5 v v ih2 clock input high 3.9 v cc a 0.5 v voltage (x1) v ol output low voltage 0.45 v i ol e 2.5 ma (s0, 1, 2) i ol e 2.0 ma (others) v oh output high voltage 2.4 v cc vi oh eb 2.4 ma @ 2.4v (4) v cc b 0.5 v cc vi oh eb 200 m a @ v cc b 0.5 (4) i cc power supply current 100 ma @ 25 mhz, 0 c v cc e 5.5v (3) 90 ma @ 20 mhz, 0 c v cc e 5.5v (3) 62.5 ma @ 12 mhz, 0 c v cc e 5.5v (3) 100 m a @ dc 0 c v cc e 5.5v i li input leakage current g 10 m a @ 0.5 mhz, 0.45v s v in s v cc i lo output leakage current g 10 m a @ 0.5 mhz, 0.45v s v out s v cc (1) v clo clock output low 0.45 v i clo e 4.0 ma 22
80c186xl/80c188xl dc specifications (continued) t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% symbol parameter min max units test conditions v cho clock output high v cc b 0.5 v i cho eb 500 m a c in input capacitance 10 pf @ 1 mhz (2) c io output or i/o capacitance 20 pf @ 1 mhz (2) notes: 1. pins being floated during hold or by invoking the once mode. 2. characterization conditions are a) frequency e 1 mhz; b) unmeasured pins at gnd; c) v in at a 5.0v or 0.45v. this parameter is not tested. 3. current is measured with the device in reset with x1 and x2 driven and all other non-power pins open. 4. rd /qsmd , ucs , lcs , mcs0 /pereq, mcs1 /error and test /busy pins have internal pullup devices. loading some of these pins above i oh eb 200 m a can cause the processor to go into alternative modes of operation. see the section on local bus controller and reset for details. power supply current current is linearly proportional to clock frequency and is measured with the device in reset with x1 and x2 driven and all other non-power pins open. maximum current is given by i cc e 5ma c freq. (mhz) a i ql . i ql is the quiescent leakage current when the clock is static. i ql is typically less than 100 m a. 272431 9 figure 5. i cc vs frequency 23
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications major cycle timings (read cycle) t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl general timing requirements (listed more than once) t dvcl data in setup (a/d) 8 10 15 ns t cldx data in hold (a/d) 3 3 3 ns 80c186xl general timing responses (listed more than once) t chsv status active delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clsh status inactive delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clav address valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t clax address hold 0 0 0 ns t cldv data valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t chdx status hold time 10 10 10 ns t chlh ale active delay 20 20 25 ns t lhll ale width t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 ns t chll ale inactive delay 20 20 25 ns t avll address valid to ale low t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 15 ns equal loading t llax address hold from ale t chcl b 8t chcl b 10 t chcl b 15 ns equal inactive loading t avch address valid to clock high 0 0 0 ns t claz address float delay t clax 20 t clax 20 t clax 25 ns t clcsv chip-select active delay 3 20 3 25 3 33 ns t cxcsx chip-select hold from t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 10 ns equal command inactive loading t chcsx chip-select inactive delay 3 17 3 20 3 30 ns t dxdl den inactive to dt/r low 0 0 0 ns equal loading t cvctv control active delay 1 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns t cvdex den inactive delay 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns t chctv control active delay 2 3 20 3 22 3 37 ns t cllv lock valid/invalid delay 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns 24
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) major cycle timings (read cycle) (continued) t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl timing responses (read cycle) t azrl address float 0 0 0 ns to rd active t clrl rd active delay 3 20 3 27 3 37 ns t rlrh rd pulse width 2t clcl b 15 2t clcl b 20 2t clcl b 25 ns t clrh rd inactive delay 3 20 3 27 3 37 ns t rhlh rd inactive t clch b 14 t clch b 14 t clch b 14 ns equal to ale high loading t rhav rd inactive to t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 ns equal address active loading 25
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) major cycle timings (write cycle) t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl general timing responses (listed more than once) t chsv status active delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clsh status inactive delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clav address valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t clax address hold 0 0 0 ns t cldv data valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t chdx status hold time 10 10 10 ns t chlh ale active delay 20 20 25 ns t lhll ale width t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 ns t chll ale inactive delay 20 20 25 ns t avll address valid to ale low t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 15 ns equal loading t llax address hold from ale t chcl b 10 t chcl b 10 t chcl b 15 ns equal inactive loading t avch address valid to clock high 0 0 0 ns t cldox data hold time 3 3 3 ns t cvctv control active delay 1 3 20 3 25 3 37 ns t cvctx control inactive delay 3 17 3 25 3 37 ns t clcsv chip-select active delay 3 20 3 25 3 33 ns t cxcsx chip-select hold from t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 10 ns equal command inactive loading t chcsx chip-select inactive delay 3 17 3 20 3 30 ns t dxdl den inactive to dt/r low 0 0 0 ns equal loading t cllv lock valid/invalid delay 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns 80c186xl timing responses (write cycle) t wlwh wr pulse width 2t clcl b 15 2t clcl b 20 2t clcl b 25 ns t whlh wr inactive to ale high t clch b 14 t clch b 14 t clch b 14 ns equal loading t whdx data hold after wr t clcl b 10 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 20 ns equal loading t whdex wr inactive to den inactive t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 10 ns equal loading 26
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) major cycle timings (interrupt acknowledge cycle) t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl general timing requirements (listed more than once) t dvcl data in setup (a/d) 8 10 15 ns t cldx data in hold (a/d) 3 3 3 ns 80c186xl general timing responses (listed more than once) t chsv status active delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clsh status inactive delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clav address valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t avch address valid to clock high 0 0 0 ns t clax address hold 0 0 0 ns t cldv data valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t chdx status hold time 10 10 10 ns t chlh ale active delay 20 20 25 ns t lhll ale width t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 ns t chll ale inactive delay 20 20 25 ns t avll address valid to ale low t clch b 10 t clch b 10 t clch b 15 ns equal loading t llax address hold to ale t chcl b 10 t chcl b 10 t chcl b 15 ns equal inactive loading t claz address float delay t clax 20 t clax 20 t clax 25 ns t cvctv control active delay 1 3 17 3 25 3 37 ns t cvctx control inactive delay 3 17 3 25 3 37 ns t dxdl den inactive to dt/r low 0 0 0 ns equal loading t chctv control active delay 2 3 20 3 22 3 37 ns t cvdex den inactive delay 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns (non-write cycles) t cllv lock valid/invalid delay 3 17 3 22 3 37 ns 27
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) software halt cycle timings t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl general timing requirements (listed more than once) t chsv status active delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clsh status inactive delay 3 20 3 25 3 35 ns t clav address valid delay 3 20 3 27 3 36 ns t chlh ale active delay 20 20 25 ns t lhll ale width t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 t clcl b 15 ns t chll ale inactive delay 20 20 25 ns t dxdl den inactive to dt/r low 0 0 0 ns equal loading t chctv control active delay 2 3 20 3 22 3 37 ns 28
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) clock timings t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl clkin requirements (1) t ckin clkin period 20 % 25 % 40 % ns t clck clkin low time 8 % 10 % 16 % ns 1.5v (2) t chck clkin high time 8 % 10 % 16 % ns 1.5v (2) t ckhl clkin fall time 5 5 5 ns 3.5 to 1.0v t cklh clkin rise time 5 5 5 ns 1.0 to 3.5v 80c186xl clkout timing t cico clkin to 17 17 21 ns clkout skew t clcl clkout period 40 % 50 80 % ns t clch clkout 0.5 t clcl b 5 0.5 t clcl b 5 0.5 t clcl b 5nsc l e 100 pf (3) low time t chcl clkout 0.5 t clcl b 5 0.5 t clcl b 5 0.5 t clcl b 5nsc l e 100 pf (4) high time t ch1ch2 clkout 6 8 10 ns 1.0 to 3.5v rise time t cl2cl1 clkout 6 8 10 ns 3.5 to 1.0v fall time notes: 1. external clock applied to x1 and x2 not connected. 2. t clck and t chck (clkin low and high times) should not have a duration less than 40% of t ckin . 3. tested under worst case conditions: v cc e 5.5v. t a e 70 c. 4. tested under worst case conditions: v cc e 4.5v. t a e 0 c. 29
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) ready, peripheral and queue status timings t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl ready and peripheral timing requirements (listed more than once) t srycl synchronous ready (srdy) 8 10 15 ns transition setup time (1) t clsry srdy transition hold time (1) 81015ns t arych ardy resolution transition 8 10 15 ns setup time (2) t clarx ardy active hold time (1) 81015ns t arychl ardy inactive holding time 8 10 15 ns t arylcl asynchronous ready 10 15 25 ns (ardy) setup time (1) t invch intx, nmi, test /busy, 8 10 15 ns tmr in setup time (2) t invcl drq0, drq1 setup time (2) 81015ns 80c186xl peripheral and queue status timing responses t cltmv timer output delay 17 22 33 ns t chqsv queue status delay 22 27 32 ns notes: 1. to guarantee proper operation. 2. to guarantee recognition at clock edge. 30
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) reset and hold/hlda timings t a e 0 cto a 70 c, v cc e 5v g 10% all timings are measured at 1.5v and 50 pf loading on clkout unless otherwise noted. all output test conditions are with c l e 50 pf. for ac tests, input v il e 0.45v and v ih e 2.4v except at x1 where v ih e v cc b 0.5v. values conditions test symbol parameter 80c186xl25 80c186xl20 80c186xl12 unit min max min max min max 80c186xl reset and hold/hlda timing requirements t resin res setup 15 15 15 ns t hvcl hold setup (1) 81015ns 80c186xl general timing responses (listed more than once) t claz address float delay t clax 20 t clax 20 t clax 25 ns t clav address valid delay 3 20 3 22 3 36 ns 80c186xl reset and hold/hlda timing responses t clro reset delay 17 22 33 ns t clhav hlda valid delay 3 17 3 22 3 33 ns t chcz command lines float delay 22 25 33 ns t chcv command lines valid delay 20 26 36 ns (after float) note: 1. to guarantee recognition at next clock. 31
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) 272431 10 notes: 1. status inactive in state preceding t 4 . 2. if latched a 1 and a 2 are selected instead of pcs5 and pcs6 , only t clcsv is applicable. 3. for write cycle followed by read cycle. 4. t 1 of next bus cycle. 5. changes in t-state preceding next bus cycle if followed by write. pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. figure 6. read cycle waveforms 32
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) 272431 11 notes: 1. status inactive in state preceding t 4 . 2. if latched a 1 and a 2 are selected instead of pcs5 and pcs6 , only t clcsv is applicable. 3. for write cycle followed by read cycle. 4. t 1 of next bus cycle. 5. changes in t-state preceding next bus cycle if followed by read, inta, or halt. pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. figure 7. write cycle waveforms 33
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) 272431 12 notes: 1. status inactive in state preceding t 4 . 2. the data hold time lasts only until inta goes inactive, even if the inta transition occurs prior to t cldx (min). 3. inta occurs one clock later in slave mode. 4. for write cycle followed by interrupt acknowledge cycle. 5. lock is active upon t 1 of the first interrupt acknowledge cycle and inactive upon t 2 of the second interrupt acknowl- edge cycle. 6. changes in t-state preceding next bus cycle if followed by write. pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. figure 8. interrupt acknowledge cycle waveforms 34
80c186xl/80c188xl ac specifications (continued) 272431 13 note: 1. for write cycle followed by halt cycle. pin names in parentheses apply to the 80c188xl. figure 9. software halt cycle waveforms 35
80c186xl/80c188xl waveforms 272431 14 figure 10. clock waveforms 272431 15 figure 11. reset waveforms 272431 16 figure 12. synchronous ready (srdy) waveforms 36
80c186xl/80c188xl ac characteristics 272431 23 figure 13. asynchronous ready (ardy) waveforms 272431 17 figure 14. peripheral and queue status waveforms 37
80c186xl/80c188xl ac characteristics (continued) 272431 24 figure 15. holda/hlda waveforms (entering hold) 272431 18 figure 16. hold/hlda waveforms (leaving hold) 38
80c186xl/80c188xl explanation of the ac symbols each timing symbol has from 5 to 7 characters. the first character is always a `t' (stands for time). the other characters, depending on their positions, stand for the name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. the following is a list of all the characters and what they stand for. a: address ary: asynchronous ready input c: clock output ck: clock input cs: chip select ct: control (dt/r , den ,...) d: data input de: den h: logic level high out: input (drq0, tim0, . . . ) l: logic level low or ale o: output qs: queue status (qs1, qs2) r: rd signal, reset signal s: status (s0 ,s1 ,s2 ) sry: synchronous ready input v: valid w: wr signal x: no longer a valid logic level z: float examples: t clav e time from clock low to address valid t chlh e time from clock high to ale high t clcsv e time from clock low to chip select valid 39
80c186xl/80c188xl derating curves typical output delay capacitive derating 272431 19 figure 17. capacitive derating curve typical rise and fall times for ttl voltage levels 272431 20 figure 18. ttl level rise and fall times for output buffers typical rise and fall times for cmos voltage levels 272431 21 figure 19. cmos level rise and fall times for output buffers 40
80c186xl/80c188xl 80c186xl/80c188xl express the intel express system offers enhancements to the operational specifications of the 80c186xl mi- croprocessor. express products are designed to meet the needs of those applications whose operat- ing requirements exceed commercial standards. the 80c186xl express program includes an ex- tended temperature range. with the commercial standard temperature range, operational character- istics are guaranteed over the temperature range of 0 cto a 70 c. with the extended temperature range option, operational characteristics are guaranteed over the range of b 40 cto a 85 c. package types and express versions are identified by a one or two-letter prefix to the part number. the prefixes are listed in table 10. all ac and dc specifi- cations not mentioned in this section are the same for both commercial and express parts. table 10. prefix identification prefix package temperature type range a pga commercial n plcc commercial r lcc commercial s qfp commercial sb sqfp commercial ta pga extended tn plcc extended tr lcc extended ts qfp extended 80c186xl/80c188xl execution timings a determination of program execution timing must consider the bus cycles necessary to prefetch in- structions as well as the number of execution unit cycles necessary to execute instructions. the fol- lowing instruction timings represent the minimum ex- ecution time in clock cycles for each instruction. the timings given are based on the following assump- tions: # the opcode, along with any data or displacement required for execution of a particular instruction, has been prefetched and resides in the queue at the time it is needed. # no wait states or bus holds occur. # all word-data is located on even-address bound- aries (80c186xl only). all jumps and calls include the time required to fetch the opcode of the next instruction at the destination address. all instructions which involve memory accesses can require one or two additional clocks above the mini- mum timings shown due to the asynchronous hand- shake between the bus interface unit (biu) and exe- cution unit. with a 16-bit biu, the 80c186xl has sufficient bus performance to ensure that an adequate number of prefetched bytes will reside in the queue (6 bytes) most of the time. therefore, actual program execu- tion time will not be substantially greater than that derived from adding the instruction timings shown. the 80c188xl 8-bit biu is limited in its performance relative to the execution unit. a sufficient number of prefetched bytes may not reside in the prefetch queue (4 bytes) much of the time. therefore, actual program execution time will be substantially greater than that derived from adding the instruction timings shown. 41
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles data transfer mov e move: register to register/memory 1000100w modreg r/m 2/12 2/12 * register/memory to register 1000101w modreg r/m 2/9 2/9 * immediate to register/memory 1100011w mod000 r/m data data if w e 1 12/13 12/13 8/16-bit immediate to register 1011w reg data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit memory to accumulator 1010000w addr-low addr-high 8 8 * accumulator to memory 1010001w addr-low addr-high 9 9 * register/memory to segment register 10001110 mod0reg r/m 2/9 2/13 segment register to register/memory 10001100 mod0reg r/m 2/11 2/15 push e push: memory 11111111 mod110 r/m 16 20 register 01010 reg 10 14 segment register 000reg110 9 13 immediate 011010s0 data data if s e 01014 pusha e push all 01100000 36 68 pop e pop: memory 10001111 mod000 r/m 20 24 register 01011 reg 10 14 segment register 000reg111 (reg i 01) 8 12 popa e popall 01100001 51 83 xchg e exchange: register/memory with register 1000011w modreg r/m 4/17 4/17 * register with accumulator 10010 reg 3 3 in e input from: fixed port 1110010w port 10 10 * variable port 1110110w 8 8 * out e output to: fixed port 1110011w port 9 9 * variable port 1110111w 7 7 * xlat e translate byte to al 11010111 11 15 lea e load ea to register 10001101 modreg r/m 6 6 lds e load pointer to ds 11000101 modreg r/m (mod i 11) 18 26 les e load pointer to es 11000100 modreg r/m (mod i 11) 18 26 lahf e load ah with flags 10011111 2 2 sahf e store ah into flags 10011110 3 3 pushf e push flags 10011100 9 13 popf e pop flags 10011101 8 12 shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. 42
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary (continued) 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles data transfer (continued) segment e segment override: cs 00101110 2 2 ss 00110110 2 2 ds 00111110 2 2 es 00100110 2 2 arithmetic add e add: reg/memory with register to either 000000dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate to register/memory 100000sw mod000 r/m data data if s w e 01 4/16 4/16 * immediate to accumulator 0000010w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit adc e add with carry: reg/memory with register to either 000100dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate to register/memory 100000sw mod010 r/m data data if s w e 01 4/16 4/16 * immediate to accumulator 0001010w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit inc e increment: register/memory 1111111w mod000 r/m 3/15 3/15 * register 01000 reg 3 3 sub e subtract: reg/memory and register to either 001010dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate from register/memory 100000sw mod101 r/m data data if s w e 01 4/16 4/16 * immediate from accumulator 0010110w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit sbb e subtract with borrow: reg/memory and register to either 000110dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate from register/memory 100000sw mod011 r/m data data if s w e 01 4/16 4/16 * immediate from accumulator 0001110w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 * 8/16-bit dec e decrement register/memory 1111111w mod001 r/m 3/15 3/15 * register 01001 reg 3 3 cmp e compare: register/memory with register 0011101w modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * register with register/memory 0011100w modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate with register/memory 100000sw mod111 r/m data data if s w e 01 3/10 3/10 * immediate with accumulator 0011110w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit neg e change sign register/memory 1111011w mod011 r/m 3/10 3/10 * aaa e ascii adjust for add 00110111 8 8 daa e decimal adjust for add 00100111 4 4 aas e ascii adjust for subtract 00111111 7 7 das e decimal adjust for subtract 00101111 4 4 mul e multiply (unsigned): 1111011w mod100 r/m register-byte 2628 2628 register-word 3537 3537 memory-byte 3234 3234 memory-word 4143 4143 * shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. 43
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary (continued) 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles arithmetic (continued) imul e integer multiply (signed): 1111011w mod101 r/m register-byte 2528 2528 register-word 3437 3437 memory-byte 3134 3234 memory-word 4043 4043 * imul e integer immediate multiply 011010s1 modreg r/m data data if s e 0 2225/ 2225/ (signed) 2932 2932 div e divide (unsigned): 1111011w mod110 r/m register-byte 29 29 register-word 38 38 memory-byte 35 35 memory-word 44 44 * idiv e integer divide (signed): 1111011w mod111 r/m register-byte 4452 44-52 register-word 5361 5361 memory-byte 5058 5058 memory-word 5967 5967 * aam e ascii adjust for multiply 11010100 00001010 19 19 aad e ascii adjust for divide 11010101 00001010 15 15 cbw e convert byte to word 10011000 2 2 cwd e convert word to double word 10011001 4 4 logic shift/rotate instructions: register/memory by 1 1101000w modtttr/m 2/15 2/15 register/memory by cl 1101001w modtttr/m 5 a n/17 a n5 a n/17 a n register/memory by count 1100000w modtttr/m count 5 a n/17 a n5 a n/17 a n ttt instruction 000 rol 001 ror 010 rcl 011 rcr 1 0 0 shl/sal 101 shr 111 sar and e and: reg/memory and register to either 001000dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate to register/memory 1000000w mod100 r/m data data if w e 1 4/16 4/16 * immediate to accumulator 0010010w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 * 8/16-bit test e and function to flags, no result: register/memory and register 1000010w modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate data and register/memory 1111011w mod000 r/m data data if w e 1 4/10 4/10 * immediate data and accumulator 1010100w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit or e or: reg/memory and register to either 000010dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate to register/memory 1000000w mod001 r/m data data if w e 1 4/16 4/16 * immediate to accumulator 0000110w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 * 8/16-bit shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. 44
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary (continued) 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles logic (continued) xor e exclusive or: reg/memory and register to either 001100dw modreg r/m 3/10 3/10 * immediate to register/memory 1000000w mod110 r/m data data if w e 1 4/16 4/16 * immediate to accumulator 0011010w data data if w e 1 3/4 3/4 8/16-bit not e invert register/memory 1111011w mod010 r/m 3/10 3/10 * string manipulation movs e move byte/word 1010010w 14 14 * cmps e compare byte/word 1010011w 22 22 * scas e scan byte/word 1010111w 15 15 * lods e load byte/wd to al/ax 1010110w 12 12 * stos e store byte/wd from al/ax 1010101w 10 10 * ins e input byte/wd from dx port 0110110w 14 14 outs e output byte/wd to dx port 0110111w 14 14 repeated by count in cx (rep/repe/repz/repne/repnz) movs e move string 11110010 1010010w 8 a 8n 8 a 8n * cmps e compare string 1111001z 1010011w 5 a 22n 5 a 22n * scas e scan string 1111001z 1010111w 5 a 15n 5 a 15n * lods e load string 11110010 1010110w 6 a 11n 6 a 11n * stos e store string 11110010 1010101w 6 a 9n 6 a 9n * ins e input string 11110010 0110110w 8 a 8n 8 a 8n * outs e output string 11110010 0110111w 8 a 8n 8 a 8n * control transfer call e call: direct within segment 11101000 disp-low disp-high 15 19 register/memory 11111111 mod010 r/m 13/19 17/27 indirect within segment direct intersegment 10011010 segment offset 23 31 segment selector indirect intersegment 11111111 mod011 r/m (mod i 11) 38 54 jmp e unconditional jump: short/long 11101011 disp-low 14 14 direct within segment 11101001 disp-low disp-high 14 14 register/memory 11111111 mod100 r/m 11/17 11/21 indirect within segment direct intersegment 11101010 segment offset 14 14 segment selector indirect intersegment 11111111 mod101 r/m (mod i 11) 26 34 shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. 45
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary (continued) 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles control transfer (continued) ret e return from call: within segment 11000011 16 20 within seg adding immed to sp 11000010 data-low data-high 18 22 intersegment 11001011 22 30 intersegment adding immediate to sp 11001010 data-low data-high 25 33 je/jz e jump on equal/zero 01110100 disp 4/13 4/13 jmp not jl/jnge e jump on less/not greater or equal 01111100 disp 4/13 4/13 taken/jmp jle/jng e jump on less or equal/not greater 01111110 disp 4/13 4/13 taken jb/jnae e jump on below/not above or equal 01110010 disp 4/13 4/13 jbe/jna e jump on below or equal/not above 01110110 disp 4/13 4/13 jp/jpe e jump on parity/parity even 01111010 disp 4/13 4/13 jo e jump on overflow 01110 000 disp 4/13 4/13 js e jump on sign 01111000 disp 4/13 4/13 jne/jnz e jump on not equal/not zero 01110101 disp 4/13 4/13 jnl/jge e jump on not less/greater or equal 01111101 disp 4/13 4/13 jnle/jg e jump on not less or equal/greater 01111111 disp 4/13 4/13 jnb/jae e jump on not below/above or equal 01110011 disp 4/13 4/13 jnbe/ja e jump on not below or equal/above 01110111 disp 4/13 4/13 jnp/jpo e jump on not par/par odd 01111011 disp 4/13 4/13 jno e jump on not overflow 01110001 disp 4/13 4/13 jns e jump on not sign 01111001 disp 4/13 4/13 jcxz e jump on cx zero 11100011 disp 5/15 5/15 loop e loop cx times 11100010 disp 6/16 6/16 loop not loopz/loope e loop while zero/equal 11100001 disp 6/16 6/16 taken/loop loopnz/loopne e loop while not zero/equal 11100000 disp 6/16 6/16 taken enter e enter procedure 11001000 data-low data-high l l e 0 15 19 l e 1 25 29 l l 1 22 a 16(n b 1) 26 a 20(n b 1) leave e leave procedure 11001001 8 8 int e interrupt: type specified 11001101 type 47 47 type 3 11001100 45 45 if int. taken/ into e interrupt on overflow 11001110 48/4 48/4 if int. not taken iret e interrupt return 11001111 28 28 bound e detect value out of range 01100010 modreg r/m 3335 3335 shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. 46
80c186xl/80c188xl instruction set summary (continued) 80c186xl 80c188xl function format clock clock comments cycles cycles processor control clc e clear carry 11111000 2 2 cmc e complement carry 11110101 2 2 stc e set carry 11111001 2 2 cld e clear direction 11111100 2 2 std e set direction 11111101 2 2 cli e clear interrupt 11111010 2 2 sti e set interrupt 11111011 2 2 hlt e halt 11110100 2 2 wait e wait 10011011 6 6 if test e 0 lock e bus lock prefix 11110000 2 2 nop e no operation 10010000 3 3 (ttt lll are opcode to processor extension) shaded areas indicate instructions not available in 8086/8088 microsystems. note: * clock cycles shown for byte transfers. for word operations, add 4 clock cycles for all memory transfers. the effective address (ea) of the memory operand is computed according to the mod and r/m fields: if mod e 11 then r/m is treated as a reg field if mod e 00 then disp e 0 * , disp-low and disp- high are absent if mod e 01 then disp e disp-low sign-ex- tended to 16-bits, disp-high is absent if mod e 10 then disp e disp-high: disp-low if r/m e 000 then ea e (bx) a (si) a disp if r/m e 001 then ea e (bx) a (di) a disp if r/m e 010 then ea e (bp) a (si) a disp if r/m e 011 then ea e (bp) a (di) a disp if r/m e 100 then ea e (si) a disp if r/m e 101 then ea e (di) a disp if r/m e 110 then ea e (bp) a disp * if r/m e 111 then ea e (bx) a disp disp follows 2nd byte of instruction (before data if required) * except if mod e 00 and r/m e 110 then ea e disp-high: disp-low. ea calculation time is 4 clock cycles for all modes, and is included in the execution times given whenev- er appropriate. segment override prefix 0 0 1 reg 1 1 0 reg is assigned according to the following: segment reg register 00 es 01 cs 10 ss 11 ds reg is assigned according to the following table: 16-bit (w e 1) 8-bit (w e 0) 000 ax 000 al 001 cx 001 cl 010 dx 010 dl 011 bx 011 bl 100 sp 100 ah 101 bp 101 ch 110 si 110 dh 111 di 111 bh the physical addresses of all operands addressed by the bp register are computed using the ss seg- ment register. the physical addresses of the desti- nation operands of the string primitive operations (those addressed by the di register) are computed using the es segment, which may not be overridden. 47
80c186xl/80c188xl revision history this data sheet replaces the following data sheets: # 272031-002 80c186xl # 270975-002 80c188xl # 272309-001 sb80c186xl # 272310-001 sb80c188xl errata an a or b step 80c186xl/80c188xl has the follow- ing errata. the a or b step 80c186xl/80c188xl can be identified by the presence of an ``a'' or ``b'' alpha character, respectively, next to the fpo num- ber. the fpo number location is shown in figure 4. 1. an internal condition with the interrupt controller can cause no acknowledge cycle on the inta1 line in response to int1. this errata only occurs when interrupt 1 is configured in cascade mode and a higher priority interrupt exists. this errata will not occur consistently, it is dependent on in- terrupt timing. the c step 80c186xl/80c188xl has no known er- rata. the c step can be identified by the presence of a ``c'' or ``d'' alpha character next to the fpo num- ber. the fpo number location is shown in figure 4. product identification intel 80c186xl devices are marked with a 9-charac- ter alphanumeric intel fpo number underneath the product number. this data sheet (272431-001) is valid for devices with an ``a'', ``b'', ``c'', or ``d'' as the ninth character in the fpo number, as illustrated in figure 4. 48

▲Up To Search▲

Price & Availability of N80C186XL-12

	To Download N80C186XL-12 Datasheet File
If you can't view the Datasheet, Please click here to try to view without PDF Reader .